Mapping the Environmental Education Policies for the Youth to Encourage Rural Development and to Reduce Urbanisation: Econometric Approach

Abstract

Urbanisation, rural development, climate change, and population growth have significant environmental impacts on sustainability and survival, particularly in rural areas of Indonesia. To slow down the process of urbanisation in these regions, it is essential to promote environmental education among the youth, encouraging them to prioritise rural development and sustainable practices. This study presents a research framework that examines the mapping of environmental education on young preferences for rural development and its impact on reducing urbanisation. Using a knowledge-based approach, the study employs regression and bootstrap analysis on data collected from 227 Indonesian and Malaysian provinces. The results show that ecologically friendly education among executives promotes environmental concerns and managerial practices, mediating the relationship between environmental education and urbanisation. Additionally, understanding these interactions positively moderates the influence of organizational ecological problems. Overall, this study highlights the importance of environmental education in promoting rural development and reducing urbanisation, which is crucial for sustainable development.