Bio-convection flow of fractionalized second grade fluid through a vertical channel with Fourier’s and Fick’s laws

Abstract

This study is conducted to discuss the thermal transport of second grade nanofluid flowing through a vertical channel. The nanoparticles, alumina (Al2O3), and titanium (TiO2), are dispersed into the second grade base fluid to form a hybrid nanofluid. The governing equation prescribed model is constructed by applying the laws of conservation of mass and energy. It can be modified by converting the non-dimensional classical model to the fractional derivative model using Fick’s and Fourier’s laws. With the help of the Laplace transforms, the resulting dimensionless form of the governing equations and the closed form relations of temperature, concentration, and velocity are obtained. The physical behavior of the obtained result is judged graphically. The nanoparticle’s volume percentage increases the concentration and temperature distribution, but it has the opposite impact on the velocity profile.