An extended car-following model accounting for average optimal velocity difference and backward-looking effect based on the Internet of Vehicles environment

Abstract

Communication technology has achieved unprecedented development in recent years, and its applications in transportation systems and automobiles are also increasing. During driving, the driver obtains not only traffic information through observation but also more traffic information beyond the visual range through the Internet of Vehicles (IoV). Therefore, to better describe the evolution law of traffic flow in the IoV environment and to provide some theoretical and strategic support for the coming of the autonomous driving era in the future, an extended car-following model accounting for average optimal velocity difference and backward-looking effect based on IoV environment is proposed. The linear analysis and nonlinear analysis of the model are calculated separately, and the neutral stability curve and the coexistence curve together prove the validity of the model. Subsequently, the numerical simulation verified the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and also proved that the extended model can enhance the stability of traffic flow.