Incoherent pumping field and Er3+ ion concentration effects on diffraction pattern of transmitted light in Er3+ doped YAG crystal

Abstract

The effect of Er[Formula: see text] ion concentration and incoherent pumping field on the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern of the transmitted light beam in Er[Formula: see text]: YAG crystal is discussed. It is shown that under different concentration of Er[Formula: see text] ion in crystal, the energy of the probe light can transfer to the higher orders of the grating. Also, it is shown that the switching from electromagnetically induced grating to electromagnetically induced phase gratin or vice versa can be obtained by different concentration of Er[Formula: see text] ion and incoherent pumping rate in crystal. Moreover, we have found that by replacing the probe light by optical vortex light, the asymmetric diffraction pattern can be obtained by tuning the optical vorticity of optical vortex light. In this case, the asymmetric diffraction pattern can also be controlled at different ion concentration.