Non-equilibrium fluctuations in the ring of material points with gravity

Abstract

As a result of numerical modeling the dependence of relative mean-square fluctuation of evaporating particles for the ring of material points interacting via gravitational forces is obtained. It is shown that this dependence is [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] = 0.39–0.6 for different virial ratios. The dependence of a fraction of evaporated particles on the width of the ring and on the ratio between the average kinetic and potential energy of the particles is obtained. The dependence of mean square deviation of fraction of evaporated particles on time was investigated. It was concluded that the concept “entropy” (as well as other thermodynamical parameters) could not be correctly introduced in the systems with gravity.