Analysis for peristaltic transport of MHD hybrid nanofluid with Darcy–Forchheimer porous medium

Abstract

Hybrid nanofluids can be designed to exhibit multiple functionalities, such as improved thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and magnetic properties. Magnetic hybrid nanofluids are gaining recognition in various mainstream applications, including heat transfer, solar systems, acoustic applications, and more. Further, hybrid nanofluids improve the thermal efficiency of radiators, efficiency of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems and drug delivery systems. Their notable advantage lies in their capacity to enhance the thermophysical properties of the constituent particles. Peristalsis of MHD hybrid nanomaterial [Formula: see text] in symmetric channel is emphasized. Darcy–Forchheimer law explores nonlinear nature of porous media. Effects of Joule heating and viscous dissipation are considered. The viscosity of fluid depends on temperature. The dimensionless system after invoking lubrication approach is analyzed numerically. Characteristics of prominent variables on the quantities under interest are examined. Comparative analysis of heat transfer rate of hybrid nanofluid and nanofluid are also discussed in detail. Heat transfer rate of system increases by increasing the quantity of nanomaterial in the fluid. Therefore, the temperature of the fluid decreases and the efficiency of the system increases.