Constant-coupling approximation study of spin-1 Blume–Capel model

Abstract

In this paper, the equilibrium properties of spin-1 Blume–Capel model are studied by using constant-coupling approximation. The formulation is based on developed by Obokata and Oguchi method, where the dependence upon the thermodynamic variables is determined by a set of two-couple nonlinear algebraic equations. The temperature dependence of the order parameters is examined to characterize the nature (continuous or discontinuous) of the phase transitions and to obtain the metastable and unstable branches. For the system, the effect of the uniaxial anisotropy parameter to phase transitions and stable, metastable and unstable states is discussed on the simple cubic lattice with the coordination number [Formula: see text] = 6.