Schwinger effect, Hawking radiation and Unruh effect

Abstract

We revisit the Schwinger effect in de Sitter (ds), anti-de Sitter (Ads) spaces and charged black holes, and explore the interplay between quantum electrodynamics (QED) and the quantum gravity effect at one-loop level. We then advance a thermal interpretation of the Schwinger effect in curved spacetimes. Finally, we show that the Schwinger effect in a near-extremal black hole differs from Hawking radiation of charged particles in a nonextremal black hole and is factorized into those in an Ads space and a Rindler space with the surface gravity for acceleration.