Quantum color image watermarking based on fast bit-plane scramble and dual embedded

Author:

Zhou Ri-Gui1,Yang Peng Liu1ORCID,Liu Xing Ao1,Ian Hou2

Affiliation:

1. College of Information Engineering, Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 201306, China

2. Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, FST, University of Macau, Macau, China

Abstract

Most of the studied quantum encryption algorithms are based on square images. In this paper, based on the improved novel quantum representation of color digital images model (INCQI), a quantum color image watermarking scheme is proposed. First, INCQI improved from NCQI is used to represent the carrier and watermark images with the size [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. Secondly, before embedding, the watermarking needs to be preprocessed. That is, the watermark image with the size of [Formula: see text] with 24-qubits color information is disordered by the fast bit-plane scramble algorithm, and then further expanded to an image with the size [Formula: see text] with 6-qubits pixel information by the nearest-neighbor interpolation method. Finally, the dual embedded algorithm is executed and a key image with 3-qubits information is generated for retrieving the original watermark image. The extraction process of the watermark image is the inverse process of its embedding, including inverse embedding, inverse expand and inverse scrambling operations. To show that our method has a better performance in visual quality and histogram graph, a simulation of different carrier and watermark images are conducted on the classical computer’s MATLAB.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Publisher

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt

Subject

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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