VARIATION OF G, Λ(4) AND VACUUM ENERGY FROM BRANE-WORLD MODELS

Author:

DE LEON J. PONCE1

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Theoretical Physics, Department of Physics, University of Puerto Rico, P.O. Box 23343, San Juan, PR 00931, USA

Abstract

In brane-world theory in five dimensions, the bulk metric is usually written in Gaussian coordinates, where g = 0 and g44 = -1. However, the choice g44 = -1 is an external condition, not a requirement of the field equations. In this paper we study the consequences of having g44 = εΦ2, where ε = ±1 and Φ is a scalar function varying with time, [Formula: see text]. This varying field entails the possibility of variable fundamental physical "constants". These variations are different from those predicted in scalar–tensor and multidimensional theories. We solve the five-dimensional equations for a fixed brane and use the brane-world paradigm to determine the fundamental parameters in the theory, which are the vacuum energy σ, the gravitational coupling G and the cosmological term Λ(4). We present specific models where these physical quantities are variable functions of time. Different scenarios are possible but we discuss with some detail a model for which Ġ/G ~ H and Λ(4) ~ H2, which seems to be favored by observations. Our results are not in contradiction to previous ones in the literature. In particular, to those where the brane is described as a domain wall moving in a static Sch–AdS bulk. Indeed these latter models in RS scenarios describe the same space–time as other solutions (with fixed brane) in Gaussian coordinates with [Formula: see text]. We conclude that the introduction of a time-varying Φ in brane-world theory yields a number of models that show variation in the fundamental physical "constants" and exhibit reasonable physical properties.

Publisher

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,Astronomy and Astrophysics,Nuclear and High Energy Physics

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1. Brane cosmology with variable tension;Canadian Journal of Physics;2022-12-01

2. Thermodynamic Prescription of Cosmological Constant in the Randall-Sundrum II Brane;Advances in High Energy Physics;2018-10-25

3. Normal DGP in varying speed of light cosmology;Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics;2017-02

4. Induced dark energy in a warped braneworld and accelerating universe;International Journal of Modern Physics D;2016-01

5. Lorentz violation and red shift of gravitational waves in brane-worlds;Astrophysics and Space Science;2012-08-02

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