Fractionally delineate the neuroprotective function of calbindin-D28k in Parkinson’s disease

Abstract

Neuron is a fundamental unit of the brain, which is specialized to transmit information throughout the body through electrical and chemical signals. Calcium ([Formula: see text]) ions are known as second messengers which play important roles in the movement of the neurotransmitter. Calbindin-[Formula: see text] is a [Formula: see text] binding protein which is involved in regulation of intracellular [Formula: see text] ions and maintains [Formula: see text] homeostasis level, it also alters the cytosolic calcium concentration ([[Formula: see text]]) in nerve cells to keep the cell alive. Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative brain disorder of the nervous system. Several regions of the brain indicate the hallmark of the PD. The symptoms of PD are plainly linked with the degeneration and death of dopamine neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta located in midbrain which is accompanied by depletion in calbindin-[Formula: see text]. In the present paper, the neuroprotective role of calbindin-[Formula: see text] in the cytoplasmic [[Formula: see text]] distribution is studied. The elicitation in [[Formula: see text]] is due to the presence of low amount of calbindin-[Formula: see text] which can be portrayed and is a hallmark of PD. A one-dimensional space time fractional reaction diffusion equation is designed by keeping in mind the physiological condition taking place inside Parkinson’s brain. Computational results are performed in MATLAB.