1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1, Daxue Road, East District, Tainan City 701, Taiwan
2. Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, 700 O’Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
3. Department of Engineering and Maintenance, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, No. 386, Dazhong 1st Road, Zuoying District, Kaohsiung City 81362, Taiwan
4. Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan