A Review of Exosomes in Regenerative Cosmetic Dermatology

Abstract

Exosomes are the small extracellular vesicles secreted by almost all living cell types. They are a main component of cellular communication. To mediate intercellular communication, exosomes transport cellular cargo such as proteins, miRNA, nucleic acids, and various metabolites[Formula: see text]. Although specifics of their role in cellular physiology have yet to be uncovered, interest in exosomes and their functionality has exploded due to their diverse treatment and diagnostic capabilities. Already, numerous studies have proven the safety, efficacy, and therapeutic potential of exosomes in the treatment of cancers, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular illness, and orthopedic diseases1. Due to their small size, high membrane permeability, and modifiability, exosomes are of the utmost therapeutic and diagnostic potential[Formula: see text]. As exosomes promote cellular regeneration, their role in general dermatology as well as cosmetic dermatology has become prominent. In the past few years, cosmetic dermatology research proves the potential of exosomes in the processes of skin rejuvenation, postprocedural care, and dermal maintenance. Some of the most popular modalities of treatment include hair restoration, photorejuvenation, daily maintenance, and antiaging. This paper will discuss the biological function, isolation methods, and therapeutic role of mesenchymal stem cell-and platelet-derived exosomes in cosmetic dermatology.