X-RAY ANALYSIS OF PIGMENTS ON ANCIENT EGYPTIAN MONUMENTS

Author:

UDA M.12,SASSA S.12,YOSHIOKA T.12,TANIGUCHI K.3,NOMURA S.3,YOSHIMURA S.4,KONDO J.5,NAKAMURA M.6,ISKANDAR NASRY7,ZAGHLOUL BAHAA8

Affiliation:

1. Waseda University, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tokyo, Japan

2. Waseda University, Laboratory for Materials Science and Technology, Tokyo, Japan

3. Osaka Electro-Communication University, Osaka, Japan

4. Waseda University, School of Human Sciences, Tokorozawa, Japan

5. Waseda University, Department of Archaeology, Tokyo, Japan

6. Tokyo Metropolitan Industrial Technology Research Institute, Radiation Laboratory, 2-11-1 Fukazawa, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, Japan

7. Maintenance and Research Center for the Supreme Council of Antiquities in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt

8. Central Metallurgical Research and Development Institute, Cairo, Egypt

Abstract

Ancient pigments were analyzed using PIXE and XRD methods in the laboratory, which were painted on ancient Egyptian monuments. On the other hand, those on monuments remaining with entire shape were investigated using the hand-held type of an XRF spectrometer and an X-ray diffractometer in the field. For the laboratory experiment, several wall fragments of the Malqata palace in ancient Egypt (18th Dynasty, ca. 1390 B.C.) were investigated. In the field experiment, the block of Ramesses II (19th Dynasty, ca. 1270 B.C.), the Wooden Coffin of Neb-sny (18th Dynasty, ca. 1400 B.C.), the Funerary Stele of Amenemhat (11th Dynasty, ca. 2000 B.C.), and the painted walls of the Tomb of Userhat (18th Dynasty, ca. 1400 B.C.) were investigated. From white and blue colored parts, huntite and Egyptian blue were found, respectively, which are a very rare mineral and an artificial pigment prepared only in ancient Egypt, respectively.

Publisher

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt

Reference11 articles.

1. A. Lucas and J. R. Harris, Ancient Egyptian Materials and Industries, 4th edn. (Edward Arnold Ltd., London) p. 338.

2. RECENTLY IDENTIFIED EGYPTIAN PIGMENTS

3. HUNTITE, A MINERAL USED IN ANTIQUITY

4. Egyptian blue ? Cuprorivaite a window to ancient Egyptian technology

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