Anyons in conformal Hilbert spaces: Statistics and dynamics of gapless excitations in fractional quantum Hall systems

Abstract

This paper reviews some of the recent progresses in understanding the dynamical and statistical properties of anyons in fractional quantum Hall (FQH) systems. These are strongly interacting topological systems for electrons confined to a two-dimensional manifold, and anyons are fundamental particles emerging from the truncation of the Hilbert space as a result of both the kinetic and interaction energies. We introduce the concept of the conformal Hilbert spaces (CHS) from such Hilbert space truncation, and the hierarchy of these Hilbert spaces allows us to understand the internal structures of the anyons that can strongly affect their dynamics. The bulk-edge correspondence and the conformal mapping of the CHS also enable us to derive a rigorous bosonization scheme for anyons in these two-dimensional systems, and to capture the statistical interaction between anyons in the form of microscopic interaction Hamiltonians. Examples about the fractionalization of Laughlin quasiholes and a new family of bosonic FQH phases as the dual descriptions of the well-known fermionic FQH phases are given, as applications to the proposed theoretical constructions in this work.