Mathematical modeling of thermophysical behavior of carbon nanotube nanofluid through porous container for mechanical systems with gradient influences

Abstract

A mathematical theory was developed to simulate how magnetic force causes hybrid nanopowder to move through space. This numerical approach was created by combining the FEM and FVM, and triangular elements were used to create the grid. Iron oxide and MWCNT mixture were dispersed in water, and the hybrid nanomaterial’s properties were assessed using earlier empirical formulas. Gravity force can participate in the phenomena because there is a hot, wavy wall on the bottom side. Radiation flux impact was added, and different permeability spaces were used. A counterclockwise eddy is formed inside the domain as an output of gravity force and with the increase of Da, it divides into two vortexes. Additionally, increasing Da causes about a 75% increase in eddy power and increases iso-temperature distortions. The velocity decreases by between 82.5% and 90% as Lorentz terms are considered for flow equations, depending on the amount of Da. When Ra is taken into account at [Formula: see text], [Formula: see text], Nu increases by about 27.75%. When [Formula: see text], Nu increases by about 10.59% as permeability increases. With the use of MHD, Nu decreases by 43.26% when Ra and permeability are at their highest points.