Thermodynamics analysis for Darcy model induced by beating waves of cilia under Hall impact

Abstract

This study conducts the thermodynamics analysis of creeping viscous nanofluid influenced by metachronical waves in an inclined ciliated tube and investigates the effects of magnetic field, porous medium and Hall current. Moreover, heat transport analysis is performed to consider the viscous dissipation phenomena. Thermal conductivity of the fluid is made more effective by adopting water-based titanium dioxide nanoparticles. [Formula: see text] is chosen as it has many remarkable implications in nanobio-sensing, medical implants, drug delivery and antibacterial fields. The governing equations are formulated which are converted into ordinary differential system by taking into account the similarity variables. The analytical solution are obtained for momentum, pressure gradient and energy profiles. It is found that the entropy generation is an increasing function of the Eckert number, Prandtl number and dimensionless temperature difference. Both Darcy and Eckert numbers enhance the energy of flow system. The fluid velocity drops quickly with increasing magnetic parameter.