Thermoconvective instability in a ferrofluid saturated porous layer

Abstract

The Forchheimer-extended Brinkman’s Darcy-flow model was used to investigate the initiation of ferroconvection in a flat porous layer while accounting for effective viscosity. The rigid ferromagnetic, rigid paramagnetic and stress-free isothermal boundary conditions are the three categories. The eigenvalue issue can be properly addressed for stress-free boundaries; the Galerkin approach is utilized to find the critical stability constraints quantitatively for other barriers. It was discovered that the boundary types had a strong influence on the system’s stabilization. Ferromagnetic boundaries are less preferred than paramagnetic boundaries in control of convection. The dependence of many physical limitations on the linear stability of the system is intentionally given, and it is demonstrated that increasing the value of the viscosity ratio delays the beginning of convection.