Thermodynamic analysis of electroosmosis regulated peristaltic motion of Fe3O4–Cu/H2O hybrid nanofluid

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the thermodynamic analysis for electroosmotic flow of [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] hybrid nanofluid in the presence of peristaltic propulsion. Hybrid nanofluid is an aqueous solution of copper and iron oxide nanoparticles. Effects of electric field, Ohmic heating, magnetic field, viscous dissipation, heat sink/source and mixed convection are also considered. The Debye–Hückel and lubrication approach has been adopted to perform mathematical modeling. The resulting differential equations are numerically solved by employing the Shooting method. Analysis has been presented for irreversibility rate and heat transfer for the flow of hybrid nanoliquid. Results reveal that the addition of nanoparticles reduces the temperature and entropy generation of hybrid nanoliquid. Heat transfer rate enhances by improving Joule heating and electroosmotic parameters. An increase in Helmholtz–Smoluchowski velocity and Hartmann number decrease the velocity of fluid. Thermal performance of hybrid nanofluid ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]) is more noticeable in comparison with conventional mono nanofluid ([Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text]) and base fluid ([Formula: see text]).