Hybrid nanofluid flow in a deformable and permeable channel

Abstract

In this paper, hybrid nanofluid flow with mediated compressions and dilations subject to the temperature-dependent viscosity/ thermal conductivity and inclined magnetic field is considered. In medical science, the flow mediated dilation of the artery exists when the blood flow is enhanced in the artery. The compressed/ dilated type flow can be utilized in food processing, hot plate welding, rheological testing, cardiovascular drugs, measurement of brachial artery dilation, blood vessel damage caused by cigarette smoke. The volume of the dilated flow is maintained by injecting the same fluid into the flow field through the exponentially permeable and stretchable walls of the channel. This phenomenon is modeled mathematically and solved by Chebyshev pseudo-spectral method utilizing quasi-linearization approach. It is interestingly analyzed that squeezing/ dilating forces generate two points of inflection in the flow field where the magnitude of permeable fluid velocity is enhanced by 17.21% in the mid portion of the channel by the increase of dilating forces, however it is reduced by 20.35% due to the strengthening of the compressing forces of the channel. The reported flow mediated dilation/ contraction of the study can be used in targeted drug delivery (especially cardiovascular drugs), assessment of endothelial function, measurement of brachial artery dilation and blood vessel damage. The angled magnetic field can be utilized to successfully control the environmental skin-friction and heat transfer.