The Array of Long Baseline Antennas for Taking Radio Observations from the Sub-Antarctic

Author:

Chiang H. C.12ORCID,Dyson T.1,Egan E.1,Eyono S.2,Ghazi N.2,Hickish J.3,Jáuregui-Garcia J. M.4,Manukha V.5,Ménard T.1,Moso T.2,Peterson J.6,Philip L.7,Sievers J. L.17,Tartakovsky S.1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Quebec H3A 2T8, Canada

2. School of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa

3. Department of Astronomy, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA

4. Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics, Toronto, Ontario M5R 2M8, Canada

5. South African National Space Agency, Hermanus 7200, South Africa

6. Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA

7. School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu–Natal, Durban 4000, South Africa

Abstract

Measurements of redshifted 21[Formula: see text]cm emission of neutral hydrogen at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]MHz have the potential to probe the cosmic “dark ages,” a period of the universe’s history that remains unobserved to date. Observations at these frequencies are exceptionally challenging because of bright Galactic foregrounds, ionospheric contamination, and terrestrial radio-frequency interference. Very few sky maps exist at [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]MHz, and most have modest resolution. We introduce the Array of Long Baseline Antennas for Taking Radio Observations from the Sub-Antarctic (ALBATROS), a new experiment that aims to image low-frequency Galactic emission with an order-of-magnitude improvement in resolution over existing data. The ALBATROS array will consist of antenna stations that operate autonomously, each recording baseband data that will be interferometrically combined offline. The array will be installed on Marion Island and will ultimately comprise 10 stations, with an operating frequency range of 1.2–125[Formula: see text]MHz and maximum baseline lengths of [Formula: see text][Formula: see text]km. We present the ALBATROS instrument design and discuss pathfinder observations that were taken from Marion Island during 2018–2019.

Funder

National Research Foundation

Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada

Polar Continental Shelf Program

Publisher

World Scientific Pub Co Pte Lt

Subject

Astronomy and Astrophysics,Instrumentation

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