Li-rich layer-structured cathode materials for high energy Li-ion batteries

Abstract

Li -rich layer-structured x Li 2 MnO 3 ⋅ (1 - x) LiMO 2 ( M = Mn , Ni , Co , etc.) materials have attracted much attention due to their extraordinarily high reversible capacity as the cathode material in Li -ion batteries. To better understand the nature of this type of materials, this paper reviews history of development of the Li -rich cathode materials, and provides in-depth study on complicated crystal structures and reaction mechanisms during electrochemical charge/discharge cycling. Despite the fabulous capability at low rate, several drawbacks still gap this type of high-capacity cathode materials from practical applications, for instance the large irreversible capacity loss at first cycle, poor rate capability, severe voltage decay and capacity fade during electrochemical charge/discharge cycling. This review will also address mechanisms for these inferior properties and propose various possible solutions to solve above issues for future utilization of these cathode materials in commercial Li -ion batteries.