1. HEC Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3T 2A7, Canada
2. Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts 02199
3. Stockholm Institute of Transition Economics, Stockholm School of Economics, 113 83 Stockholm, Sweden; Einaudi Institute for Economics and Finance, 00187 Roma, Italy; and University di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy