Porcine Nasal Organoids as a model to study the interactions between the swine nasal microbiota and the host

Abstract

SUMMARYInteractions between the nasal epithelium, commensal nasal microbiota, and respiratory pathogens play a key role in respiratory infections. Currently there is a lack of experimental models to study such interactions under definedin vitroconditions. Here, we developed a Porcine Nasal Organoid (PNO) system from nasal tissue of pigs as well as from cytological brushes. PNOs exhibited similar structure and cell types than the nasal mucosa, as evaluated by immunostaining. PNOs were inoculated with porcine commensal strains ofMoraxella pluranimalium, Rothia nasimuriumand the pathobiontGlaesserella parasuisfor examining host-commensal-pathogen interactions. All strains adhered to the PNOs, although at different levels.M. pluranimaliumandG. parasuisstrains stimulated the production of proinflammatory cytokines, whereasR. nasimuriuminduced the production of IFNγ and diminished the proinflammatory effect of the other strains. Overall, PNOs mimic thein vivonasal mucosa and can be useful to perform host-microbe interaction studies.In briefInteractions between nasal epithelium, commensal nasal microbiota, and respiratory pathogens play a key role in respiratory infections. We developed porcine nasal organoids to mimic the nasal mucosa and use as a model to study those interactions. Additionally, this development supports the reduction of the number of animals for animal experimentation.HighlightsFirst generation of Porcine Nasal Organoids (PNOs) from nasal turbinates and swabsPNOs recapitulate features ofin vivotissue and maintain self-renewal capacityHost-microbe interactions can be studied using the PNO systemRothia nasimuriuminhibits the inflammation induced by other bacteria