Anisotropy of plasmalemmal sterols and cell mating require StARkin domain proteins Ysp2 and Lam4

Abstract

AbstractIn the budding yeast S. cerevisiae Cdc42 is required for polarized growth and the formation of mating projections (shmoos). Negatively charged lipids including phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate support a positive feedback loop that recruits Cdc42 effectors and MAP kinase scaffolds, many of which contain polybasic patches that directly interact with the membrane. Here, using genetically encoded sterol sensor ALOD4 we find that ergosterol is accumulated in the cytosolic leaflet of buds and shmoos. The accumulation of ergosterol in the plasma membrane requires both Osh and Lam proteins however cells lacking Ysp2/Lam2 and Lam4 displayed a reversal in the polarity of ergosterol. The redistribution of ergosterol impairs the polarization of phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphophate which further impacts shmoo formation, MAPK signaling and mating efficiency. Our observations demonstrate that the ability of Lam proteins to deliver ergosterol from the plasma membrane to the ER helps maintain a gradient of ergosterol which in turn supports robust cell polarity.SummaryThe sterol sensor ALOD4 is enriched at sites of polarized growth. Elimination of the Osh proteins solubilized the ALOD4 whereas elimination of Ysp2 and Lam4 reversed ALOD4 polarization. Cells lacking Ysp2 and Lam4 have defects in mating and MAP kinase signaling.