Validation of the Cognitive Assessment Instrument for Obsessions and Compulsions (CAIOC-13) in an Indian Sample

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundBrief self-report measures of cognition are advantageous for flagging significant cognitive dysfunction and minimising the need for extensive neuropsychological assessments. The Cognitive Assessment Instrument for Obsessions and Compulsions (CAIOC-13) is a recently developed 13-item self-rated scale, assessing everyday functional difficulties resulting from cognitive dysfunction specific to those reported by individuals with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) e.g., difficulties with reading, making choices, slowness, perfectionism & procrastination). This study was undertaken to validate the CAIOC-13 in an Indian sample of individuals with OCD.Material and MethodsA total of 75 subjects with OCD and 81 non-clinical controls completed the CAIOC-13, the Perceived Deficits Questionnaire (PDQ) and the Dysfunctional Attitude Scale-Short Form (DAS-SF1). Pearson’s r correlation was used to establish the convergent and divergent validity with PDQ and DAS-SF1 respectively; the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the discriminant validity, and the factorial structure was evaluated using the Principal Component Analysis (PCA).ResultsCAIOC-13 scale scores showed a strong significant correlation (r = 0.56 p <0.001) with PDQ scores and a weak correlation with DAS-SF1 scores (r = 0.33 p = 0.003). Area Under the ROC curve (AUC) value was found to be 0.92 indicating that the CAIOC-13 could accurately discriminate between OCD and controls. The PCA analysis also showed a strong loading on a single component.ConclusionThe results suggest that the CAIOC-13 is a valid tool for briefly assessing cognitive deficits in individuals with OCD in India. Future studies may also examine the correlation of CAIOC-13 with standardized neuropsychological assessments.