In vivomagnetic recording of single-neuron action potentials

Abstract

SummaryMeasuring fast neuronal signals is the domain of electrophysiology and magnetophysiology. While electrophysiology is much easier to perform, magnetophysiology avoids tissue-based distortions and measures a signal with directional information. At the macroscale, magnetoencephalography (MEG) is established, and at the mesoscale, visually evoked magnetic fields have been reported. At the microscale however, while benefits of recording magnetic counterparts of electric spikes would be numerous, they are also highly challengingin vivo. Here, we combine magnetic and electric recordings of neuronal action potentials in anesthetized rats using miniaturized giant magneto-resistance (GMR) sensors. We reveal the magnetic signature of action potentials of well isolated single units. The recorded magnetic signals showed a distinct waveform and considerable signal strength. This demonstration ofin vivomagnetic action potentials opens a wide field of possibilities to profit from the combined power of magnetic and electric recordings and thus to significantly advance the understanding of neuronal circuits.