Smoking Habits and the Onset of Stroke: Insights from the Kyoto Stroke Registry

Abstract

AbstractCigarette smoking is a well-established risk factor for stroke due to its contribution to atherosclerosis. This study utilized data from the Kyoto Stroke Registry (KSR) spanning April 1997 to March 2020 to investigate the relationship between smoking history and the age at which stroke occurs.The study focused on stroke patients registered in the KSR, categorizing them into four groups based on their smoking history: those with no smoking history, individuals who quit smoking more than one year ago, those who smoked fewer than 20 cigarettes per day, and those who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day. The primary objective was to compare the age at which stroke onset occurred among these groups, employing statistical analysis through a Student t-test to identify significant differences.After excluding patients with missing smoking status information, the analysis involved 30,491 stroke patients. The results revealed a noteworthy association: individuals with a smoking history, particularly heavy smokers, experienced a significantly younger age at stroke onset compared to those who had never smoked. Moreover, the study found that quitting smoking for more than one year was linked to a later onset of stroke compared to continuing to smoke. This observation held true even among those who smoked less than 20 cigarettes per day. Furthermore, the study’s findings remained consistent across all stroke types, including cerebral infarction, cerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage, regardless of gender.In conclusion, this comprehensive analysis of the KSR data reinforces the well-established notion that smoking history plays a critical role in the timing of stroke onset. Importantly, it underscores the potential benefits of smoking cessation, as well as the avoidance of smoking altogether, in reducing the risk of stroke. These findings carry significant implications for public health initiatives aimed at stroke prevention and emphasize the pivotal role of smoking cessation programs in mitigating the risk of stroke-associated morbidity and mortality.