A Grain of Salt

Author:

Houston Kelly,Qiu Jiaen,Wege StefanieORCID,Hrmova Maria,Oakey Helena,Qu Yue,Smith Pauline,Situmorang Apriadi,Macaulay Malcolm,Flis Paulina,Bayer Micha,Roy StuartORCID,Halpin Claire,Russell Joanne,Byrt Caitlin,Gilliham MattORCID,Salt David E.,Waugh Robbie

Abstract

ABSTRACTWe quantified grain sodium (Na+) content across a barley GWAS panel grown under optimal conditions. We identified a strong association with a region containing two low and one high Na+ accumulating haplotypes of a Class 1 HIGH-AFFINITY POTASSIUM TRANSPORTER (HKT1;5) known to be involved in regulating plant Na+ homeostasis. The haplotypes exhibited an average 1.8-fold difference in grain Na+ content. We show that an L189P substitution disrupts Na+ transport in the high Na+ lines, disturbs the plasma membrane localisation typical of HKT1;5 and induces a conformational change in the protein predicted to compromise function. Under NaCl stress, lines containing P189 accumulate high levels of Na+, but show no significant difference in biomass. P189 increases in frequency from wild-species to elite cultivars leading us to speculate that the compromised haplotype is undergoing directional selection possibly due to the value of Na+ as a functional nutrient in non-saline environments.

Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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