The salmon louse genome: copepod features and parasitic adaptations

Author:

Skern-Mauritzen RasmusORCID,Malde Ketil,Eichner Christiane,Dondrup Michael,Furmanek Tomasz,Besnier Francois,Komisarczuk Anna Zofia,Nuhn Michael,Dalvin Sussie,Edvardsen Rolf B.,Klages Sven,Huettel Bruno,Stueber Kurt,Grotmol Sindre,Karlsbakk Egil,Kersey Paul,Leong Jong S.,Glover Kevin A.,Reinhardt Richard,Lien Sigbjørn,Jonassen Inge,Koop Ben F.,Nilsen Frank

Abstract

AbstractCopepods encompass a range of ecological roles from parasites to phytoplankton grazers linking primary producers to higher trophic levels. Despite these important roles, copepod genome assemblies are scarce.Lepeophtheirus salmonisis an economically and ecologically important ectoparasitic copepod. We present the 695.4 MbpL. salmonisgenome assembly containing ≈60% repetitive regions and 13081 annotated protein-coding genes. The genome comprises 14 autosomes and a ZZ-ZW sex chromosome system. Assembly assessment identified 92.4% of the expected arthropod genes. Transcriptomics validated annotation and revealed a marked shift in gene expression after host attachment, including downregulation of genes related to circadian rhythm coinciding with abandoning diurnal migration. The genome shows evolutionary signatures including loss of peroxisomes, numerous FNII domains, and an incomplete heme homeostasis pathway suggesting heme proteins to be obtained from the host. Despite large capacity to develop resistance against chemical treatmentsL. salmonisexhibits low numbers of many genes involved in detoxification.

Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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