Contact-based thymidylate transfer promotes collective tumor growth

Author:

Siddiqui Mohammad A.,Rømer Anne Mette A.,Pinna Luisa,Ramesh Vignesh,Møller Sarah S.,Gollavilli Paradesi N.,Turtos Adriana M.,Varghese Steffi,Guldborg Lærke B.,Palani Nagendra P.,Napoli Francesca,Volante Marco,Swietach PawelORCID,Ceppi Paolo

Abstract

SummarySustained cell proliferation is a fundamental hallmark of cancer, yet its mechanism remains elusive, particularly in context of intercellular cooperation and metabolite exchange. We uncover a mechanism of tumor growth via collective proliferation, where a syncytium of cells connected by gap junctions allows dTMP equilibration and dispenses ubiquitous activation of canonical dTMP biosynthesis and salvage driven by thymidylate synthase (TYMS) and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) respectively. Collective proliferation is observed in vitro and in clinical samples, and it is validated in a genetic mouse model of lung cancer harboring dualTyms/Tk1tumor-specific knockout, in which cells propel tumor progression despite lacking enzymatic dTMP synthesis, and the tumor growth is significantly mitigated by gap junction inhibition. These findings suggest that a programmed dTMP equilibration sustains collective tumor growth and revises the current dogma of a ubiquitous de novo activation. This mechanism could be exploited in cancer therapy.

Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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