Geographic Distribution of a Missense Mutation in theKRT38Gene and Its Association with Heat Tolerance in Chinese Indigenous Cattle Breeds

Abstract

ABSTRACTContextChina has a vast area across many temperature zones and a variety of cattle breeds. These cattle resources are ideal models to research their adaptability to the environment. TheKRT38gene is an acidic protein, and its coding product can be used as a component of hair production.AimsThe objective of this study was to investigate the diversity of theKRT38gene in Chinese local cattle and the association of different genotypes with mean temperature (T), relative humidity (RH) and temperature humidity index (THI).MethodsA missense mutation g.41650738 A > G in theKRT38gene was screened from the database of bovine genomic variation (BGVD), was genotyped in a total of 246 samples from 15 local cattle breeds in China by PCR amplification and sequencing. Finally, the correlation between the locus and the three climatic factors was analysed.Key resultsWe successfully obtained the frequency of this SNP in three groups of cattle in northern, central and southern China. The frequency of allele A gradually declined from north to south, while the frequency of allele G showed the opposite trend with a clear geographic distribution.ConclusionsOur results indicate thatKRT38variation in Chinese indigenous cattle might be linked to heat tolerance.ImplicationsOur analysis may support in finding out its importance as a genetic signal for heat tolerance in cattle reproduction and genetics.