Mmp17-deficient mice exhibit heightened goblet cell effector expression in the colon and increased resistance to chronicTrichuris murisinfection

Abstract

ABSTRACTIntestinal epithelial homeostasis is maintained by intrinsic and extrinsic signals. The extrinsic signals include those provided by mesenchymal cell populations that surround intestinal crypts and is further facilitated by the extracellular matrix (ECM), which is modulated by proteases such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Extrinsic signals ensure an appropriate balance between intestinal epithelial proliferation and differentiation. This study explores the role of MMP17, which is expressed by mesenchymal cells, in intestinal homeostasis and during immunity to infection. Mice lacking MMP17 expressed high levels of goblet-cell associated genes, such as CLCA1 and RELM-β, which are normally associated with immune responses to infection. Nevertheless,Mmp17KO mice did not have altered resistance during a bacterialCitrobacter rodentiuminfection. However, when challenged with a low dose of the helminthTrichuris muris,Mmp17KO mice had increased resistance, without a clear role for an altered immune response during infection. Mechanistically, we did not find changes in traditional modulators of goblet cell effectors such as the NOTCH pathway or specific cytokines. Instead, we found elevated BMP signaling inMmp17KO mouse large intestinal crypts that we propose to alter the goblet cell maturation state. Together, our data suggests that MMP17 extrinsically alters the goblet cell maturation stateviaa BMP signaling axis, which is sufficient to alter clearance in a helminth infection model.