Proton-pumping rhodopsins in marine diatoms

Author:

Yoshizawa SusumuORCID,Azuma Tomonori,Kojima KeiichiORCID,Inomura Keisuke,Hasegawa Masumi,Nishimura YosukeORCID,Kikuchi Masuzu,Armin Gabrielle,Miyashita Hideaki,Ifuku KentaroORCID,Yamano Takashi,Marchetti Adrian,Fukuzawa Hideya,Sudo Yuki,Kamikawa Ryoma

Abstract

AbstractDiatoms are a major phytoplankton group responsible for about 20% of Earth’s primary production. They carry out photosynthesis inside the plastid, an organelle obtained through eukaryote-eukaryote endosymbiosis. Recently, microbial rhodopsin, a photoreceptor distinct from chlorophyll-based photosystems, has been identified in certain diatoms. However, the physiological function of diatom rhodopsin is not well understood. Here we show that the diatom rhodopsin acts as a light-driven proton pump and localizes to the outermost membrane of the four membrane-bound complex plastids. Heterologous expression techniques were used to investigate the protein function and subcellular localization of diatom rhodopsin. Using model simulations, we further evaluated the physiological role of the acidic pool in the plastid produced by proton-transporting rhodopsin. Our results propose that the rhodopsin-derived acidic pool may be involved in a photosynthetic CO2-concentrating mechanism and assist CO2 fixation in diatom cells.

Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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