Toxoflavin secreted byPseudomonas alcaliphilainhibits growth ofLegionella pneumophilaand its hostVermamoeba vermiformis
Author:
Faucher Sebastien P.ORCID, Matthews Sara, Nickzad Arvin, Vounba Passoret, Shetty Deeksha, Bédard Émilie, Prévost Michele, Déziel Eric, Paranjape Kiran
Abstract
ABSTRACTLegionella pneumophilais a natural inhabitant of water systems. From there, it can be transmitted to humans by aerosolization resulting in severe pneumonia. Most large outbreaks are caused by cooling towers contaminated withL. pneumophila. The resident microbiota of the cooling tower is a key determinant for the colonization and growth ofL. pneumophila. The genusPseudomonascorrelates negatively with the presence ofL. pneumophila, but it is not clear which species is responsible. Therefore, we identified thePseudomonasspecies inhabiting 14 cooling towers using aPseudomonas-specific 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing strategy. Cooling towers free ofL. pneumophilacontained a high relative abundance of members from thePseudomonas alcaliphila/oleovoransphylogenetic cluster.In vitro,P. alcaliphilaJCM 10630 inhibited the growth ofL. pneumophilaon agar plates. Analysis of theP. alcaliphilagenome revealed the presence of a genes cluster predicted to produce toxoflavin.L. pneumophilagrowth was inhibited by pure toxoflavin and by extract fromP. alcaliphilaculture found to contain toxoflavin by LC-ESI-MS. In addition, toxoflavin inhibits growth ofVermameoba vermiformis, a host cell ofL. pneumophila. Our study indicates thatP. alcaliphilamay be important to restrict growth ofL. pneumophilain water systems through the production of toxoflavin. A sufficiently high concentration is likely not achieved in the bulk water but might have a local inhibitory effect such as in biofilm.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
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