Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography in Pediatric Ocular Pathology: Imaging Study of 115 eyes

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundTo assess the pediatric anterior segment characteristics in ocular pathology, using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT).MethodsOur case series follows 115 eyes of 78 children aged 2–17 years of age with anterior segment pathology in an academic facility. A thorough eye examination and investigations were performed for each child. The anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) analysis was done using the Optopol Revo 80®high resolution SD-OCT (840 nm, axial resolution of 5 µm) using an imaging adapter. All pathological features visible on imaging were observed, studied, tabulated, and analyzed.Results115 eyes of 78 children with anterior segment pathology were imaged. The average age was 11.84 years, with 44 males and 34 females. The primary clinical diagnosis wascataract(congenital and acquired) in 40 (34.8%) eyes, followed bycorneal disease(congenital, inflammatory, and traumatic) in 28 (24.3%) eyes,glaucoma(juvenile and secondary) in 18 (15.7%) andtraumain 15 (13%) eyes. Systemic diseases were associated in 20.9%. The commonest imaging pathology observed waslens opacification(any morphology/location) in 43 (37.4%),increased reflectivity of the corneain 31 (28.2%), corneal stromal thinningin 34 (29.6%), increased corneal thickness in 28 (24.3%),shallow anterior chamberin 17 (14.8%), andcells in anterior chamberin18 (15.7%) eyes, along with a multitude of other findings.ConclusionsOur study demonstrates that anterior segment optical coherence tomography is a useful non-contact technique used without sedation for the detailed anatomic and pathologic assessment, imaging, diagnosis, and monitoring of pediatric ocular diseases.