PYK2 in the dorsal striatum of Huntington’s disease R6/2 mouse model

Abstract

AbstractHuntington’s disease (HD) is a devastating disease due to autosomal dominant mutation in theHTTgene. Its pathophysiology involves multiple molecular alterations including transcriptional defects. We previously showed that in HD patients and mouse model, the protein levels of the non-receptor tyrosine kinase PYK2 were decreased in the hippocampus and that viral expression of PYK2 improved the hippocampal phenotype. Here, we investigated the possible contribution of PYK2 in the striatum, a major brain region altered in HD. PYK2 mRNA levels were decreased in the striatum and hippocampus of R6/2 mice, a severe HD model. PYK2 protein levels were also decreased in the dorsal striatum of R6/2 mice and in the putamen of human patients. PYK2 knockout by itself did not result in motor symptoms observed in HD mouse models. Yet, we examined whether PYK2 deficiency participated in the R6/2 mice phenotype by expressing PYK2 in the dorsal striatum using AAV vectors. With an AAV1/Camk2apromoter, we did not observe significant improvement of body weight, clasping, motor activity and coordination (rotarod) alterations observed in R6/2 mice. With an AAV9/SYN1promoter we found an improvement of body weight loss and a tendency to better rotarod performance. DARPP-32 immunofluorescence was increased following AAV9/SYN1-PYK2 injection compared to AAV9/SYN1-GFP, suggesting a possible partial beneficial effect on striatal projection neurons. We conclude that PYK2 mRNA and protein levels are decreased in the striatum as in hippocampus of HD patients and mouse models. However, in contrast to hippocampus, striatal viral expression of PYK2 has only a slight effect on the R6/2 model striatal motor phenotype.HighlightsHuntington’s disease is a lethal genetic disease altering striatum, cortex, and hippocampusRestoring PYK2 levels in hippocampus improved hippocampal phenotype of a Huntington mouse modelWe show that PYK2 levels are decreased in the striatum of R6/2 mice and human patientsViral expression of PYK2 in the striatum has only a small effect on R6/2 mouse model motor phenotype but improves weight loss