Author:
Segal Ashlea,Parkes Linden,Aquino Kevin,Kia Seyed Mostafa,Wolfers Thomas,Franke Barbara,Hoogman Martine,Beckmann Christian F.,Westlye Lars T.,Andreassen Ole A.,Zalesky Andrew,Harrison Ben J.,Davey Christopher,Soriano-Mas Carles,Cardoner Narcís,Tiego Jeggan,Yücel Murat,Braganza Leah,Suo Chao,Berk Michael,Cotton Sue,Bellgrove Mark A.,Marquand Andre F.,Fornito Alex
Abstract
ABSTRACTThe substantial individual heterogeneity that characterizes mental illness is often ignored by classical case-control designs that rely on group mean comparisons. Here, we present a comprehensive, multiscale characterization of individual heterogeneity of brain changes in 1294 cases diagnosed with one of six conditions and 1465 matched healthy controls. Normative models identified that person-specific deviations from population expectations for regional grey matter volume were highly heterogeneous, affecting the same area in <7% of people with the same diagnosis. However, these deviations were embedded within common functional circuits and networks in up to 56% of cases. The salience/ventral attention system was implicated transdiagnostically, with other systems selectively involved in depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and ADHD. Our findings indicate that while phenotypic differences between cases assigned the same diagnosis may arise from heterogeneity in the location of regional deviations, phenotypic similarities are attributable to dysfunction of common functional circuits and networks.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory