Association of magnesium depletion score with cardiovascular disease and its association with longitudinal mortality in cardiovascular disease patients

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundDietary magnesium and serum magnesium play an important part in cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the correlation between magnesium depletion score (MDS) and the development and CVD prognosis remains unclear. This analysis examines the cross-sectional relationship between MDS and CVD, and the longitudinal correlation between MDS and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in CVD individuals.MethodsIn all, 42,711 individuals were selected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, including 5,015 subjects with CVD. The correlation between MDS and total and individual CVD was examined using the survey-weighted multiple logistic regression analysis. Among 5,011 CVD patients, 2,285 and 927 participants were recorded with all-cause and cardiovascular deaths, respectively. We applied survey-weighted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses to investigate the impact of MDS on the mortality of CVD individuals.ResultsCVD group had higher MDS levels than the non-CVD groups. After controlling all confounding factors, individuals with MDS scored 1-2, and ≥3 had higher odds of total CVD and specific CVD than those with MDS scored 0. The relationship between MDS and total CVD was stable and significant in all subgroups. The fully adjusted Cox regression model presented that the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths increased 2.41 and 2.00 times in participants with MDS≥3 compared to those with MDS scored 0.ConclusionsMDS is a vital risk factor for CVD’s prevalence and all-cause and cardiovascular deaths.What is new?MDS is a significant positive correlation with CVD’s prevalence in US adults.High MDS markedly elevated the risk of all-cause and cardiovascular deaths among participants with CVD.What are the clinical implications?MDS can be used to evaluate the prevention and prognosis of cardiovascular diseases.