A Developmental Reduction of the Excitation:Inhibition Ratio in Association Cortex during Adolescence

Author:

Larsen BartORCID,Cui Zaixu,Adebimpe Azeez,Pines Adam,Alexander-Bloch Aaron,Bertolero Max,Calkins Monica E.,Gur Raquel E.,Gur Ruben C.,Mahadevan Arun S.ORCID,Moore Tyler M.,Roalf David R.,Seidlitz Jakob,Sydnor Valerie J.,Wolf Daniel H.,Satterthwaite Theodore D.

Abstract

AbstractAdolescence is hypothesized to be a critical period for the development of association cortex. A reduction of the excitation:inhibition (E:I) ratio is a hallmark of critical period development; however it has been unclear how to assess the development of the E:I ratio using non-invasive neuroimaging techniques. Here, we used pharmacological fMRI with a GABAergic benzodiazepine challenge to empirically generate a model of E:I ratio based on multivariate patterns of functional connectivity. In an independent sample of 879 youth (ages 8-22 years), this model predicted reductions in the E:I ratio during adolescence, which were specific to association cortex and related to psychopathology. These findings support hypothesized shifts in E:I balance of association cortices during a neurodevelopmental critical period in adolescence.TeaserInhibitory maturation of the association cortex reflects an adolescent critical period.

Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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