Author:
Franić Iva,Allan Eric,Prospero Simone,Adamson Kalev,Attorre Fabio,Auger-Rozenberg Marie Anne,Augustin Sylvie,Avtzis Dimitrios,Baert Wim,Barta Marek,Bauters Kenneth,Bellahirech Amani,Boroń Piotr,Bragança Helena,Brestovanská Tereza,Brurberg May Bente,Burgess Treena,Burokienė Daiva,Cleary Michelle,Corley Juan,Coyle David R,Csóka György,Černý Karel,Davydenko Kateryna,de Groot Maarten,Diez Julio Javier,Doğmuş Lehtijärvi H. Tuğba,Drenkhan Rein,Edwards Jacqueline,Elsafy Mohammed,Eötvös Csaba Béla,Falko Roman,Fan Jianting,Feddern Nina,Fürjes-Mikó Ágnes,Gossner Martin M.,Grad Bartłomiej,Hartmann Martin,Havrdova Ludmila,Horáková Miriam Kádasi,Hrabětová Markéta,Justesen Mathias Just,Kacprzyk Magdalena,Kenis Marc,Kirichenko Natalia,Kovač Marta,Kramarets Volodymyr,Lacković Nikola,Lantschner Maria Victoria,Lazarević Jelena,Leskiv Marianna,Li Hongmei,Madsen Corrie Lynne,Malumphy Chris,Matošević Dinka,Matsiakh Iryna,May Tom W.,Meffert Johan,Migliorini Duccio,Nikolov Christo,O’Hanlon Richard,Oskay Funda,Paap Trudy,Parpan Taras,Piškur Barbara,Ravn Hans Peter,Richard John,Ronse Anne,Roques Alain,Ruffner Beat,Santini Alberto,Sivickis Karolis,Soliani Carolina,Talgø Venche,Tomoshevich Maria,Uimari Anne,Ulyshen Michael,Vettraino Anna Maria,Villari Caterina,Wang Yongjun,Witzell Johanna,Zlatković Milica,Eschen René
Abstract
AbstractNon-native pests, climate change, and their interactions are likely to alter relationships between trees and tree-associated organisms with consequences for forest health. To understand and predict such changes, factors structuring tree-associated communities need to be determined. Here, we analysed the data consisting of records of insects and fungi collected from dormant twigs from 155 tree species at 51 botanical gardens or arboreta in 32 countries. Generalized dissimilarity models revealed similar relative importance of studied climatic, host-related and geographic factors on differences in tree-associated communities. Mean annual temperature, phylogenetic distance between hosts and geographic distance between locations were the major drivers of dissimilarities. The increasing importance of high temperatures on differences in studied communities indicate that climate change could affect tree-associated organisms directly and indirectly through host range shifts. Insect and fungal communities were more similar between closely related vs. distant hosts suggesting that host range shifts may facilitate the emergence of new pests. Moreover, dissimilarities among tree-associated communities increased with geographic distance suggesting that human-mediated transport may facilitate the introductions of new pests. The results of this study highlight the need to limit the establishment of tree pests and increase the resilience of forest ecosystems to changes in climate.
Publisher
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory