A prospective study of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection among individuals involved in academic research under limited operations during the COVID-19 pandemic

Author:

Pettifor Audrey,DiPrete Bethany L.,Shook-Sa Bonnie E.,Premkumar Lakshmanane,Kuczynski Kriste,Dittmer Dirk,Aiello Allison,Wallet Shannon,Maile Robert,Tan Joyce,Jadi Ramesh,Pluta Linda,de Silva Aravinda M.,Weber David J.,Kim Min,Seña Arlene C.,Jones Corbin D.

Abstract

ABSTRACTBackgroundEarly in the pandemic, transmission risk from asymptomatic infection was unclear making it imperative to monitor infection in workplace settings. Further, data on SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence within university populations has been limited.MethodsWe performed a longitudinal study of University research employees on campus July-December 2020. We conducted questionnaires on COVID-19 risk factors, RT-PCR testing, and SARS-CoV-2 serology using an in-house spike RBD assay, laboratory-based Spike NTD assay, and standard nucleocapsid platform assay. We estimated prevalence and cumulative incidence of seroconversion with 95% confidence intervals using the inverse of the Kaplan-Meier estimator.Results910 individuals were included in this analysis. At baseline, 6.2% (95% CI 4.29-8.19) were seropositive using the spike RBD assay; four (0.4%) were seropositive using the nucleocapsid assay, and 44 (4.8%) using the Spike NTD assay. Cumulative incidence was 3.61% (95% CI: 2.04-5.16). Six asymptomatic individuals had positive RT-PCR results.ConclusionsPrevalence and incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections was low; however differences in target antigens of serological tests provided different estimates. Future research on appropriate methods of serological testing in unvaccinated and vaccinated populations is needed. Frequent RT-PCR testing of asymptomatic individuals is required to detect acute infections, and repeated serosurveys are beneficial for monitoring subclinical infection.

Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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