Pretreatment and interventional parameters predict excellent recanalization of large vessel occlusion in patients with acute ischemic stroke

Abstract

AbstractBackgroundIn patients with acute ischemic stroke secondary to large vessel occlusion (AIS-LVO), improved functional outcomes have been reported in patients who achieve Modified Thrombolysis In Cerebral Infarction (mTICI) 2c/3 (excellent recanalization) over mTICI 2b. We aimed to determine pretreatment and interventional variables that could predict achieving mTICI 2c/3 over 2b reperfusion in patients who underwent technically successful mechanical thrombectomy (MT).MethodsIn this retrospective study, consecutive AIS patients with anterior circulation LVO who underwent MT and achieved recanalization with mTICI 2b/2c/3 were included. We evaluated the association between pretreatment clinical and imaging variables and interventional parameters in patients who achieved mTICI 2c/3 vs. 2b using logistic regression and ROC analyses.ResultsFrom 5/11/2019 to 10/09/2022, 149 consecutive patients met our inclusion criteria (median 70 years old [IQR 65 - 78.5], 57.7% female). Adjusted multivariate regression analyses showed that patients with excellent recanalization had lower admission NIHSS (aOR 0.93, p = 0.036), were less likely to have a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) (aOR 0.42, p = 0.050) and prior stroke (aOR 0.27, p = 0.007), had a cerebral blood volume (CBV) index >= 0.7 (aOR 3.75, p = 0.007), and were more likely to achieve excellent recanalization with aspiration alone (aOR 2.89, p = 0.012). A multivariate logistic regression model comprising these independent factors predicted mTICI 2c/3 with an AUC 0.79 (95% CI: 0.68-0.86; p < 0.001), sensitivity of 94%; specificity of 41%.ConclusionRobust collateral status (CS) defined by CBV index >= 0.7, absence of DM and prior stroke, lower initial stroke severity, and direct aspiration are all predictive of excellent recanalization in successfully recanalized AIS-LVO patients. Our findings highlight the prognostic implications of robust CS, DM and stroke prevention, as well as use of aspiration alone in maximizing the likelihood of excellent recanalization.