Nigral volume loss in prodromal, early, and moderate Parkinson’s disease

Abstract

AbstractThe loss of melanized neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) is a hallmark pathology in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Melanized neurons in SNc can be visualizedin vivousing magnetization transfer (MT) effects. Nigral volume was extracted in data acquired with a MT-prepared gradient echo sequence in 33 controls, 83 non-manifest carriers (42 LRRK2 and 41 GBA nonmanifest carriers), 65 prodromal hyposmic participants, 105de novoPD patients and 26 48-month PD patients from the Parkinson’s Progressive Markers Initiative. No difference in nigral volume was seen between controls and LRRK2 and GBA non-manifest carriers (F=0.076;P=0.927). A significant main effect in group was observed between controls, prodromal hyposmic participants, and overt PD patients (F=5.192;P=0.002). Longer disease duration significantly correlated with lower nigral volume (r=-0.252;P=0.010). This study shows that nigral depigmentation can be robustly detected in prodromal hyposmic participants and overt PD patients.