Two distinct mechanisms of Plexin A function inDrosophilaoptic lobe lamination and morphogenesis

Abstract

AbstractVisual circuit development is characterized by subdivision of neuropils into layers that house distinct sets of synaptic connections. We find that in theDrosophilamedulla, this layered organization depends on the axon guidance regulator Plexin A. Inplexin Anull mutants, synaptic layers of the medulla neuropil and arborizations of individual neurons are wider and less distinct than in controls. Analysis of Semaphorin function indicates that Semaphorin 1a, provided by cells that include Tm5 neurons, is the primary partner for Plexin A in medulla lamination. Removal of the cytoplasmic domain of endogenous Plexin A does not disrupt the formation of medulla layers; however, both null and cytoplasmic domain deletion mutations ofplexin Aresult in an altered overall shape of the medulla neuropil. These data suggest that Plexin A acts as a receptor to mediate morphogenesis of the medulla neuropil, and as a ligand for Semaphorin 1a to subdivide it into layers. Its two independent functions illustrate how a few guidance molecules can organize complex brain structures by each playing multiple roles.Summary statementThe axon guidance molecule Plexin A has two functions inDrosophilamedulla development; morphogenesis of the neuropil requires its cytoplasmic domain, but establishing synaptic layers through Semaphorin 1a does not.