Lytic and temperate phage naturally coexist in a dynamic population model

Abstract

Obligate lytic and temperate phage preying on the same bacteria coexist despite the presumption that a single resource should only support a single competitor. We construct a mathematical model demonstrating that such coexistence is a natural outcome of chaotic dynamics arising from competition among multiple phage and their lysogens. While obligate lytic (virulent) phage populations typically dominate, surprisingly, they also more readily fluctuate to extinction within a local community.