Range Expansion and Breeding of White-cheeked Duck (Anas bahamensis) in the High Andes

Abstract

AbstractWe review the distribution of White-cheeked Duck Anas bahamensis rubrirostris in mainland Ecuador and show that the species is expanding its range significantly. Contrary to published records, A. b. rubrirostris has been present in mainland Ecuador at least since the early 20th century, although probably in low numbers. During the 20th century, the species increased its range along the entire coastlands of Ecuador and nowadays, it has reached the coasts of Colombia. The species has also extended its presence along the Andes, and we report the first breeding records of A. b. rubrirostris in the Andes at altitudes between 2360–2440 m, the highest across the entire range of the species. We describe the transitioning plumage between duckling–juveniles, which has not been portrayed in detail before.