Differences in IgG antibody responses following BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273 Vaccines

Abstract

ABSTRACTStudies examining antibody responses by vaccine brand are lacking and may be informative for optimizing vaccine selection, dosage, and regimens. The purpose of this study is to assess IgG antibody responses following immunization with BNT162b2 (30 μg S protein) and mRNA-1273 (100 μg S protein) vaccines. A cohort of clinicians at a non-for-profit organization is being assessed clinically and serologically following immunization with BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273. IgG responses were measured at the Remington Laboratory by an IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein-receptor binding domain. Mixed-effect linear (MEL) regression modeling was used to examine whether the SARS-CoV-2 IgG level differed by vaccine brand, dosage, or days since vaccination. Among 532 SARS-CoV-2 seronegative participants, 530 (99.6%) seroconverted with either vaccine. After adjustments for age and gender MEL regression modeling revealed that the average IgG increased after the second dose compared to the first dose (p<0.001). Overall, titers peaked at week six for both vaccines. Titers were significantly higher for mRNA-1273 vaccine on days 14-20 (p < 0.05), 42-48 (p < 0.01), 70-76 (p < 0.05), 77-83 (p < 0.05), and higher for BNT162b2 vaccine on days 28-34 (p < 0.001). In two participants taking immunosuppressive drugs SARS-CoV-2 IgG remained negative. mRNA-1273 elicited both earlier and higher IgG antibody responses than BNT162b2, possibly due to the higher S-protein delivery. Prospective clinical and serological follow-up of defined cohorts such as this may prove useful in determining antibody protection and whether differences in antibody kinetics between the vaccines have manufacturing relevance and clinical significance.