Divergent microbial traits influence the transformation of living versus dead root inputs to soil carbon

Author:

Sokol Noah W.ORCID,Foley Megan M.,Blazewicz Steven J.ORCID,Battacharyya Amrita,Estera-Molina KaterinaORCID,Firestone MaryORCID,Greenlon AlexORCID,Hungate Bruce A.ORCID,Kimbrel JeffreyORCID,Liquet JoseORCID,Lafler MarissaORCID,Marple MaxwellORCID,Nico PeterORCID,Slessarev EricORCID,Pett-Ridge JenniferORCID

Abstract

ABSTRACTSoil microorganisms influence the global carbon cycle by transforming plant inputs into soil organic carbon (SOC), but the microbial traits that facilitate this process are unresolved. While current theory and biogeochemical models suggest microbial carbon-use efficiency and growth rate are positive predictors of SOC, recent observations demonstrate these relationships can be positive, negative, or neutral. To parse these contradictory effects, we used a 13C-labeling experiment to test whether different microbial traits influenced the transformation of plant C into SOC within the microbial habitats surrounding living root inputs (rhizosphere) versus decaying root litter (detritusphere), under both normal soil moisture and droughted conditions. In the rhizosphere, bacterial-dominated communities with fast growth, high carbon-use efficiency, and high production of extracellular polymeric substances formed microbial-derived SOC under normal moisture conditions. However, in the detritusphere – and the rhizosphere under drought – more fungal-dominated communities with slower growth but higher exoenzyme activity formed plant-derived SOC. These findings emphasize that microbial traits linked with SOC accrual are not universal, but contingent on how microorganisms allocate carbon under different resource conditions and environmental stressors.

Publisher

Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory

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