The Effect of Intradialytic Exercise on Dialysis Patient Survival: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

AbstractIntroductionPatients with kidney failure have a high mortality rate. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of intradialytic exercise on survival in patients receiving hemodialysis (HD).MethodsIn this randomized controlled trial conducted in a HD center in Iran, adult patients receiving chronic HD were randomized to intradialytic exercise (60 minutes) in the second hour of thrice weekly dialysis for 6 months (intervention) or no intradialytic exercise (control). The primary outcome was survival rate at 12 months. Secondary outcomes were serum albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit, red blood cell count, serum calcium, serum phosphorous, parathyroid hormone, physical function (6-minute walk test) and nutritional status (Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index) during the first 6 months. The trial follow-up period was 12 months.ResultsThe study included 74 participants randomized to intervention (n=37) or control (n=37). Compared with controls, 1-year survival was higher in the intervention group compared with the control group (94% vs 73%, P=0.01). The hazard ratio on univariate analysis in intervention group was 0.17 (95% CI 0.04-0.8; P =0.02) compared to that in control group. During the 6-month intervention period, significant between-group changes were observed in all secondary outcomes between the intervention and control groups.ConclusionIntradialytic exercise performed for at least 60 minutes during thrice weekly dialysis sessions improves survival in adult patients receiving HD. This effect may be mediated by exercise-related improvements in bone mineral metabolism, anemia, physical function or nutritional status.Trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04898608, Registered on May 21st,2021. Registered trial name: The Effect of Intradialytic Exercise on Dialysis Patients Survival.